1.11 Earthquakes and Tsunami
Case Study 1: Earthquakes and Tsunamis – Noto Peninsula (Japan) and Greenland Megatsunami
Models/Theories/Laws:
- Elastic Rebound Theory – Stress accumulation and sudden release.
- Subduction Zone Earthquakes – Convergent boundary seismic activity.
- Tsunami Generation Mechanisms – Seafloor displacement and landslide-induced waves.
Recent Data:
- Noto Peninsula, Japan: Mw 7.5 earthquake (Jan 1, 2024) triggered a tsunami, impacting coastal areas.
- Greenland Megatsunami: Landslide-induced tsunami (Sep 16, 2023) recorded across Europe.
- GNSS and Seismic Data: Fault slip distribution mapped in Japan.
Spatial Variation:
- Noto Peninsula: Tsunami waves observed along Japan Sea coast, including South Korea and Russia.
- Greenland: Tsunami effects recorded across European coastlines.
Temporal Variation:
- Noto Peninsula: Earthquake swarm observed since 2018, culminating in 2024 event.
- Greenland: Landslide-triggered tsunami lasted over a week.
Source:
- Geoscience Letters: “Modeling the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake Tsunami”
- GeoScienceWorld: “The 16 September 2023 Greenland Megatsunami”
- ResearchGate: “Fault Model of the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake”
Insight:
The Noto Peninsula earthquake and Greenland megatsunami validate seismic and tsunami models, emphasizing the role of fault slip and landslide-induced waves.
