Climatology – Atmospheric Disturbances – Temperate cyclones Answer: Introduction Temperate cyclones, also known as mid-latitude or extratropical cyclones, are large-scale low-pressure systems that develop in the westerly wind belt between 35°–65° latitudes. A crucial concept in their formation is the …
Answer: Geomorphology – Glacial landforms Introduction Truncated spurs are steep, cliff-like edges of interlocking spurs that have been sharply cut off by the erosive action of valley glaciers. They are classic features of glacial troughs and represent significant landscape modification …
Introduction Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala’s capital, has a rich history of pioneering urban design and public transport. Once the modern capital of the princely state of Travancore, it was synonymous with progressive infrastructure—ranging from technology-driven higher education and early electrification to piped …
Introduction In the wake of hunger, ecological exploitation, and cultural alienation, a potent literary movement emerged in Odia literature. Writers began to reclaim a language deeply rooted in nature while chronicling the devastation of nature and the plight of human …
Introduction Lake Manzala, in northern Egypt, has long served as a natural buffer and biodiversity hotspot along the Mediterranean. Historically covering 1,709 km², it has shrunk due to land encroachment, aquaculture, and untreated wastewater. In 2017, dredging began to remove …
Geography as an optional subject for the UPSC civil services exam is popular because it offers a logical and analytical approach, overlaps with General Studies (GS) papers, and has a static syllabus. Additionally, it’s considered a scoring subject, with many successful candidates, …
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